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OCR: of whether Central had knowledge of the qucstion could alleged fraud holding instead that Central Bank liable as an aider and provided abettor the alleged securities fraud The i1 it recklessly27 assistancc by action, view that 21{} reck- court lessncss emhraced may salisfy the the Ninth Circuit* of minority 10(b) require ment scienter alding and abetting case even if the defendant had 10 duty disclose or act. and went even beyond the Ninth Circuit's position which requires some actual misreprescntation the the defendant, bv holding that reckiessness Suffices whenever defendant has takcn any affirmative action. This rulc uticrly disregards the crucial requirement jn any 14(b) casc court manip ulative or deceptive conduct by the defendant. The appeals cschewed the rule followed by the majori ...